Wrench



C. C. BARNES.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I5, 1918- 1 44 573 Patented June 22, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

-C\ CB a.

ilaxw C. C. 'BARNES.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY15. I9I8.

1,344,573. Patented June 22, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL C. BARNES, 0F PORTLAND, OREGON, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO BUDDINGTONW. JONES, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

WRENCH.

Application filed May 15, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL C. BARNns, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Portland, county of Multnomah, State of Oregon, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to wrenches 1n general, and particularly to thatclass of wrenches employing a threaded nut and stem, and especiallycovers the form of sald nut and the threads thereon.

The object of my invention is to provide a quick adjustable wrenchwherein the nut is protected from accidental movement after the wrenchis adjusted, and other results that will hereinafter appear.

I accomplish the above object by means of the construction illustratedin the accompanying drawings which are a part of this application forLetters Patent, like characters of reference indicating like partsthroughout the several views of the drawings, and in which:

Figures 1, 2 and 3 show my device applied to a monkey wrench.

Fig. A} is a perspective view of the nut as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the same.

Fig. 6 is an elevation of another form of wrench with my device embodiedtherewith.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the subject matter of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the movable jaw as employed in the construction illustrated inFig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the nut employed in the construction ofFig. 6.

Figs. 10, 11, 12, 18, 14 and 15 are modified forms of construction forthe nut.

Fig. 16 is a keeper used with that form of nut illustrated in Figs. 14and 15.

In wrenches of ordinary construction the threads or teeth of the nut andits coacting part are formed of partial helices, while in my device theteeth 20 which coact with the teeth upon the nut are normal to the axialplane of the wrench and the axis of the nut.

The nut, which coacts with said teeth to hold the movable wrench jaw inplace, is provided with teeth 21 normal to the axis of the nut.

Each tooth upon the nut is composed of two portions integrally joined,one portion Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 22, 1920.

Serial No. 234,807.

21 having a cylindrical outer periphery, and the other portion 21 beingtangential thereto.

The nut is preferably formed with parallel sides, as illustrated inFigs. at and 5, as when this construction is followed, the nut, whenengaged, lies flat or parallel with the plane of the wrench, and beingthin lies within the outer surface of the wrench, so that when tilewrench is laid down the nut cannot be hit and moved by any article.

There are two series of teeth upon the nut, the teeth of one seriesbeing staggered or longitudinally offset relatively to the teeth of theother series, so that a change of the series of nut teeth to be engagedwith the teeth 20 opens or closes the wrench a slight amount, as thecase may be.

\Vhen the nut is turned so that neither series of teeth thereon engagethe teeth 20 one of the flat sides of the nut will be presented to theteeth 20, and the movable jaw of the wrench may then be freely moved toadjustment with any desired nut or bolt.

When the wrench is adjusted and the nut is turned so that the teeththereof engage teeth 20, the tangential portion 21 of the nut teeth willstop the rotation of the nut when the teeth thereof properly engage theteeth 20. I

A preferable form of construction for the wrench is illustrated in Figs.1, 2 and 3 wherein twin nuts are used.

In each of these twin nuts the teeth of one series are offset from theteeth of the opposite series exactly the thickness of one tooth, so thata change from one series of teeth to the other, coacting with teeth 20,advances or recedes the wrench jaw a distance exactly equal to the tooththickness.

The twin nuts are mounted so that the teeth of one nut are advanced adistance equal. to one half a tooth thickness from the teeth of theother nut, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, so that there are fourseries of teeth that may be brought into engagement with the teeth 20,and since the teeth series on each nut are offset one tooth thickness,and the nuts are mounted one half a tooth thickness apart, the result isthat an adj ustment of one quarter tooth thickness may be obtained forthe movable wrench aw.

In. Fig. 1 the forward. nut is shown en" gaged, and the rearward nutfree; in Fig. 2 the reverse condition is shown, and in Fig. 3 both nutsare shown free.

7 In applying my device to a wrench of the type shown in Fig. 6 theteeth are formed upon the movable aw, and the nut has a cylindricalportion 22 to enable the same to be rotated by the fingers of theoperator.

The movable jaw 23 is provided at its forward end with an elongatedtooth 24 which contacts with the nut 22 to prevent the entire withdrawalof the jaw 23 from the wrench, there being provided a slot 25 whereinsaid tooth 2 L slides.

Various forms of nuts may be used in such wrenches as illustrated inFigs. 1, 2, 3 and 6.

The nuts illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 have the teeth milled or outupon them from solid stock; those illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11 arecomposed of a plurality of disks 26, each disk having two oppositelydisposed ofiset teeth thereon, and the several disks composing the nutbeing joined by rivets 27 those illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 aresimilar to those illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11 except that each disk 28has only one tooth thereon, and alternate disks are rela- 'tivelyrotated 180 degrees and riveted togetherto form the nut; thoseillustrated in Figs. 14; and'15 are similar to those illustrated in Figs. l0 and 11 or 12 and 13, but instead of being riveted together theyare provided with a flat side and adapted to be inclose'd with a keeperillustrated in Fig. 16.

My invention may be made of any size and constructed of any materialsdeemed convenient and suitable for a device oi? this character, andwhile I have illustrated and described a form of construction andarrangement of parts found desirable in materializing my invention, Iwish to include in this application all mechanical equivalents orsubstitutes that may fairly be considered to come within the scope andpurview of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having disclosed my invention so that others may be enabled to constructand to use the same, what Iclaim as new and desire to secure by LettersPatent is 1. In a wrench, a pair of relatively adj ustable members, eachof said members having a jaw formed thereon; teeth normal to the axialplane of said wrench upon one of said members; a nut rotatably mountedupon that one of said members not having said teeth thereon; andoppositely disposed teeth upon said nut, said teeth having a cylindrical portion and a tangential portion, and being relatively offset.

2. In a wrench, a pair of relatively adj ustable members, each of saidmembers having a jaw formed thereon; teeth normal to the axial plane ofsaid wrench upon one of said memebrs; a pair of nuts rotatably mountedupon that one of said members not having said teeth thereon; oppositelydisposed teeth annularly arranged upon each of said nuts, said teethupon each of said nuts being relatively longitudinally staggered; saidnuts being mounted so that when the teeth of one nut engage the spacesbe tween the teeth upon said adjustable member the teeth of the othernut are opposite the teeth upon said adjustable member.

3. In an adjustable wrench, a rotatable nut; oppositely disposed seriesof teeth normal to the axis of the nut, thereupon; oppositely disposeduntoothed portions intermediate said series of teeth; and tangentialprojections upon each of said teeth.

In witness whereof I claim the foregoing to be my own I hereunto afiixmy signature CARL O. BARNES.

Vitness G. F. BLAKE.

